Currently employed molecular biology laboratory protocols are laborious, throughput limited and suffer from low sensitivity and specificity for low analyte concentration detection. Fluorescent or radioactive labelling is required for high sensitivity detection, which increases time and cost of the assay. On the other hand, direct, label-free detection techniques exhibit lower sensitivity and throughput, thus making them unsuitable for low concentration target detection. With recent advancements in micro and nanofabrication, electronic biochip technology and surface plasmon resonance imaging techniques, the sensitive, real-time detection of DNA, proteins and small molecules on a microarray platform can be achieved. The invention results from the integration of biomolecule onto surface using electrowetting on dielectric chip technology with surface plasmon resonance imaging detection technique into a complete biochip platform.